A multiplier peroxiporin signal transduction pathway powers piscine spermatozoa

Significance Spermatozoon swimming performance is critical for fertilization success in fishes, yet the cellular mechanisms that regulate this vital trait are poorly understood. Here, we discovered a water channel protein, acting as an H 2 O (peroxiporin) to detoxify mitochondria, directly regulates velocity and progressive motility of both freshwater marine spermatozoa. The mitochondrial insertion peroxiporin controlled by increasingly sophisticated hierarchy intracellular signaling cascades, which evolved into multiplier stress-activated pathway modern species. These adaptive solutions maximize postactivated sperm under conditions high osmotic oxidative stress. Our findings thus reveal pathways regulating transport fish spermatozoa provide advantage competitive success.